EVOLUTION OF LIABILITY FOR HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN THE CRIMINAL CODE OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

Abstract

This article provides a scientific and legal analysis of the formation and development stages of liability for the crime of human trafficking in the Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan. In particular, it is highlighted that in the norms of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, acts related to human trafficking were initially assessed within the framework of the general elements of the crime and later strengthened by a separate article as an independent component of the crime. Based on the amendments made to the Code in 2008, a detailed analysis is provided regarding the clear definition of liability for human trafficking, the object and subject of the crime, the objective and subjective aspects of the crime, qualifying features, and aggravated types of punishment. It also reveals the process of implementing international legal norms, including the requirements of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and its Additional Protocol, into national legislation. The article highlights the harmonization of national and international experience in the field of combating human trafficking, the liberalization of criminal law policy, and the improvement of human rights protection mechanisms. As a result of the study, it is substantiated that the evolution of responsibility for human trafficking has been gradually strengthened, and this process is inextricably linked to modern threats and international standards.